Validity / utility : These types of survey are among the most difficult to get right. For example, the KAP component of CSAS, SLEAC, and stage III SQUEAC surveys is limited to six questions. When I use KAP type surveys / survey components I tend to keep the questionnaire very focussed and very short. You also have to be careful with regard to the context of interviews. You should (at least) have a qualitative development stage to develop and test questions. Use of local languages, terms, and aetiologies is essential. Questions should also allow for multiple answers. Multi-variable scales can be useful as data can be checked for internal consistency. This means that many questions will be open-ended or have "Other. Question design : The main issue here is to avoid questions that restrict answers to what you think you know and that prompt the respondent to reflect back program messages or just positive messages (in the UK's National Health Service KAP survey questionnaires are often referred to as "happy sheets" as they tend to tell us what we want to hear). Assuming a simple random sample will likely give spuriously precise estimates. If you have previous survey data (or other relevant data) you may be able to make sample size savings by adopting a Bayesian approach as is done in SQUEAC stage III surveys.Īnalysis : Be sure to analyse your data using methods that account for the sample design. SAM cases) then you can make an estimate of population size and adjust sample sizes using a finite population correction. As a rule of thumb you should plan for a sample size no smaller than for an EPI survey (i.e. Usually we repeat this process a few times and compromise on desired precisions to arrive at a feasible sample size. The maximum sample size from all these calculations is the required sample size. In the case of multiple indicators you should list your indicators, make a guess their values, specify a desired precision, and calculate a sample size for each. Complications are multiple indicators and small populations. Standard sample sizes calculation formulae can be used. Sample size : These types of survey are little different from other questionnaire surveys in this regard. These methods use active and adaptive case-finding (a type of chain referral sample) and apply a short KAP type questionnaire to elicit barriers to coverage. An example of this is coverage of CMAM services for SAM cases using the CSAS or SLEAC method. For more restricted populations you may have to use a chain-referral sampling method.
For a large population such as mothers of children aged under two months sampling methods such as those used in EPI surveys (SMART is an EPI design) can be used. Sampling : KAP / KPC surveys should use a sample that is representative of the population they purports to represent.
These are sampling methods, sample size, analysis, question design, and validity / utility of findings. I think there are five main issues to consider. The terms relate to a general approach rather than a standard approach. We can say that KPC is KAP or KAB with an explicit coverage component. , (accessed July 28, 2020).These are related approaches. Advocacy, communication and social mobilization for TB control: a guide to developing knowledge, attitude and practice surveys Geneva: World Health Organization: Stop TB Partnership, 2008. Stop TB Partnership (World Health Organization). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Publishers, 2016. Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding COVID-19 among healthcare workers in Henan, China. Attitude, practice, behavior, and mental health impact of COVID-19 on doctors. Asian J Psychiatry 2020 51: 102083.Ĭhatterjee SS, Bhattacharyya R, Bhattacharyya S, et al. Study of knowledge, attitude, anxiety & perceived mental healthcare need in Indian population during COVID-19 pandemic.
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